结果共纳入349例宫颈细胞学检查结果有轻度异常的妇女。对于CIN2+/CIN3+检测,OCT的敏感性和阴性预测值低于hrHPV检测(CIN2+: 71.3% vs. 95.4%, 89.0% vs. 91.1%, P < 0.001; CIN3+: 75% vs.93.8%, 96.5% vs.95.6%, P < 0.001),但在特异性、准确性和阳性预测值均高于hrHPV检测(CIN2+: 77.5% vs. 15.6%, 75.9% vs. 35.5%, 51.2% vs. 27.3%, P < 0.001; CIN3+:69.4% vs. 13.6%, 69.9% vs. 20.9%, 19.8% vs. 9.9%, P < 0.001)。OCT联合hrHPV检测(CIN2+:80.9%;CIN3+:72.6%)的特异性高于单独使用OCT(P<0.001)。基于OCT分类的阴道镜检查转诊率低于基于hrHPV检测的转诊率(34.7% vs. 87.1%,P < 0.001)。hrHPV阳性+细胞学ASC-US和hrHPV阴性+细胞学LSIL的患者,OCT阴性病例的直接CIN3+风险小于4%。